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2. Working Principle of Internet of Things

Consider reservation counters and banks for example:

  • Typical computer system work on the principle, Input-->process-->output.
  • In conventional system input is keyed in by human beings.
  • The software algorithm running at the computing system, process the input data and produces an output.
  • If people responsible are lethargic or lazy, often the speed and accuracy of the system is lost.
  • But in IoT we do not have this issue. Inputs are replaced by relevant sensors.
  • Hence possibility of human error can be eliminated to the great extent. Processing happens in cloud and returned to receiver end.

Block diagram of the process-flow:

  • In many IoT systems, sensors forward data via short-range wireless communication protocols such as Bluetooth, zigbee, wifi to the local computing system. Data gets pro-processed and sent to the central server or the cloud system. Analytics software system takes informed decisions at the cloud platform and will reach the receiver end device. 
  • In few cases this will be an actuator that will execute certain action on the targeted hardware. For E.g: Action could be Opening the door, Switching on the light, Closing the tap. 


IoT system works on the principle:

  • Sensors-->Process-->Acutator similar to Input-->Process-->Output where sensor acts as Input and the Actuator as output.


IoT enabled system consists of :

  1. Sensors
  2. Embedded system
  3. Wireless communication
  4. Data storage via internet into cloud server
  5. Analytics software system to take informed decisions
  6. Receiver end device


Overview:

    We can choose appropriate objects such as lockers, curtains, water bottles, consumer electronic devices such as cookers and interface it with an appropriate sensor, sense the required data and monitor it continuously. At periodic time intervals, data is stored and analysed to take actions. Actions could be a notification in the receiver end device [mobile] or Actuation of some sub-system of the end-device.

Read the next post:  3. History of IoT

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